ROLLOVER
CENTER |
|
|
STIFEL |
Retirement |
NICOLAUS |
Plans Quarterly |
|
Third Quarter 2006
Our
Pensions In Perspective
quarterly newsletter has a new name �
Retirement Plans Quarterly.
The name change is intended to more directly reflect the broad
spectrum of retirement plan topics covered each quarter. |
IRA ASSETS REACH $3.7 TRILLION
Assets in U.S. retirement plan
arrangements totaled $14.3 trillion as of December 31, 2005,* a
combination of IRAs ($3.7), Defined Contribution plans ($3.7), Private
Defined Benefit plans ($1.81), Federal DB and Thrift Savings Plans
($1.1), State/local government plans ($2.8), and Annuity reserves
($1.4). The IRA total represents a combination of Traditional and Roth
IRAs, Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) plans, Savings Incentive Match
Plan for Employees (SIMPLE) IRA contributions, and rollover IRAs from
employer-sponsored retirement plans.
Majority of assets in mutual fund and
brokerage-based accounts
Of the $3.7 trillion held in IRAs, 45.5%
were held by mutual fund companies and 38% were held in
brokerage-based accounts. This was followed by 9.1% held by life
insurance companies and 7.4% held in bank and thrift deposits.
In comparison with the year 1990, a change
of IRA positioning has occurred. At that time, 41.7% of the assets
were held in bank and thrift accounts and 29.8% were held in
brokerage-based accounts, with only 21.8% in mutual funds and 6.3% in
life insurance companies.
Summary
In 1990, there were $637 billion held
in IRAs, and that figure has grown to $3.7 trillion. With
increased contribution limits and the continued growth of rollovers,
it�s obvious that IRAs have become an important savings vehicle in the
U.S. retirement savings structure.
* Investment Company Institute�s (ICI)
2006 Mutual Fund Fact Book
DEPOSIT TAX REFUNDS INTO IRAs
Currently, taxpayers can option to have
income tax refunds deposited directly into a checking or savings
account. However, in Internal Revenue Service News Release,
IR-2006-85, May 31, 2006, the IRS acknowledged its approval to allow
taxpayers� future tax returns to be divided into multiple accounts,
including IRAs.
The news release indicated that those who
use direct deposit will be allowed to instruct the IRS to deposit
income tax refunds in up to three different financial accounts. The
IRS identified the three accounts to include checking, savings, and
retirement accounts (includes IRAs). |
3rd Quarter 2006 |
Those who want a direct deposit into only
one account will continue to complete the appropriate line on the Form
1040 series, such as line 73B, C, or D on Form 1040 (2005). However,
those who want a direct deposit into more than one account will attach
a new Form 8888 to their returns indicating amounts for each
allocation and providing account information.
The news release indicated that the exact
details of the program are still being decided.
IRS GRANTS TAX RELIEF FOR STORM VICTIMS
In separate news releases, the IRS granted an extension for certain
tax-related deadlines to residents of several counties in Ohio, New
Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania that experienced tornadoes,
damaging winds, and flooding from June 21 through June 23, 2006. |
|
Counties affected
Counties that were declared
Presidential Disaster Areas include:
� Ohio � Cuyahoga, Erie, Huron, Lucas,
Sandusky, and Stark
� New Jersey � Hunterdon, Mercer, and
Warren
� New York � Broome, Chenango,
Delaware, Herkimer, Montgomery, Oneida, Orange, Otsego, Schoharie,
Sullivan, Tioga, and Ulster
� Pennsylvania � Berks, Bradford,
Bucks, Carbon, Chester, Columbia, Dauphin, Franklin, Lackawanna,
Lancaster, Lebanon, Luzerne, Monroe, Montgomery, Montour,
Northampton, Northumberland, Pike, Schuylkill, Susquehanna, Wayne,
and Wyoming.
Tax relief
Those that qualify were granted an
extension until September 5, 2006, for certain tax-related
deadlines, including depositing rollovers, making plan loan
payments, Form 5500 filing, and other time-sensitive acts
described in Treas. Reg. Sec. 301.7508A-1(c)(1).
Other relief
The IRS will waive the usual fees and
expedite requests for copies of previously filed tax returns for
affected taxpayers who need them to apply for benefits or file
amended returns claiming casualty losses.
For further information, or to
download forms and publications, access the IRS web site:
www.irs.gov.
IRS EXTENDS HURRICANE KATRINA RELIEF
The IRS has extended the deadline to
file 2004 tax returns to October 15, 2006, for those individuals
affected by hurricane Katrina and who applied for an extension to
file 2004 returns prior to the hurricane Katrina events. This
extension does not include making 2004 IRA contributions.
In addition, Notice 2006-56 extends
the 2005 tax return filing deadline to October 15, 2006, to those
affected individuals who were granted a filing extension to August
15, 2006, under hurricane Katrina relief Notice 2006-20. This
extension does extend the 2005 IRA contribution deadline to
October 15, 2006, for these same individuals.
Note: Notice 2006-56 does not extend
other time-sensitive acts such as rollover deadlines or taking
required minimum distributions, which were granted relief under
Notice 2006-20.
For further information, access the
IRS web site: www.irs.gov.
SIMPLE IRAs � OCTOBER 1 DEADLINE
The SIMPLE IRA is an
employer-sponsored plan that allows for pre-tax salary deferrals
for employees and a mandatory employer contribution. October 1 is
an important date for all new SIMPLE plans. SIMPLE IRA plans must
be maintained on a calendar year basis (IRC Sec. 408(p)(6)(C)),
and employee elective deferrals are based on compensation earned
by the employee during the plan
|
year. There is a requirement that
within a 60-day period preceding the plan year, the employer must
allow eligible employees to make deferral elections (IRC Sec.
408(p)(5)(C)). For the
plan year 2006, the 60-day election period must begin by October 1
for new plans to include 2006 deferrals. For
existing plans, employers should furnish the 60-day election
notice by November 1 each year. This notice allows newly eligible
employees to make elections, or existing employees to modify
elections for the next year.
There is one exception to the October
1 establishment deadline. Newly established companies may open
SIMPLE IRA plans as soon as administratively feasible to accept
contributions immediately.
October 1 is quickly
approaching, and employers wishing to establish a SIMPLE plan for
2006 should do so immediately.
SIMPLE IRA CONTRIBUTIONS IN SHORT PLAN
YEAR
When an employer establishes a SIMPLE
IRA plan with an effective date other than January 1, a short plan
year occurs. And, when an employer makes a two percent
non-elective contribution to the plan for that short year, an
employer may prorate the compensation, including the annual
compensation cap ($220,000 for 2006). As a result, participants in
the SIMPLE IRA plan may receive a substantially smaller employer
contribution than they would during a full plan year.
Limiting compensation is optional
Under Notice 97-6, D-6, the IRS stated
that an employer "may make non-elective contributions equal to two
percent of each employee�s compensation for the entire calendar
year." The IRS clarified that employers may, but are not required,
to prorate the compensation when a two percent non-elective
contribution is made to a SIMPLE IRA during a short plan year.
SMALL BUSINESS START-UP CREDIT
Small businesses that adopt a new
tax-qualified defined contribution, defined benefit, SIMPLE, or
SEP plan are allowed a nonrefundable credit of 50% of the
administrative and retirement education expenses. The credit is
available for expenses paid or incurred and applies to the first
$1,000 of qualifying expenses of the plan in each of its first
three plan years.
Eligibility
To be eligible, an employer must not
have had in the preceding year more than 100 employees with
compensation in excess of $5,000 each. In addition, the plan must
cover at least one Non-Highly Compensated Employee (HCE). A plan
is considered "new" if the employer sponsored no qualified
retirement plan during the three-year period immediately before
the first year the credit is available. An employer claiming the
credit is not allowed a business expense deduction for the 50% of
the expenses for which the credit is claimed.
Talk to your CPA to take advantage of
this little known benefit.
|
|
PRESIDENT BUSH SIGNS PENSION PROTECTION ACT OF 2006
President Bush signed into law one of
the most comprehensive pension reform bills in history on August
17, 2006.
Below are some of the highlights of
the Pension Protection Act of 2006.
EGTRRA permanency
The Act makes permanent rules
affecting IRAs and employer-sponsored retirement plans enacted as
part of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of
2001 (EGTRRA), which were scheduled to expire at the end of 2010.
The provisions that are now permanent
include:
� Increased contribution limits to
IRAs and employer-sponsored retirement plans
� Catch-up contributions for
individuals age 50 and older
� Enhanced portability that expands
rollover options
� Roth 401K contributions that
provide for tax-free retirement income
The Act also extends the "saver�s
credit," which was due to expire at the end of 2006 under EGTRRA.
This provides low-income taxpayers a credit of up to $2,000 if
they contribute to an IRA or employer-sponsored retirement plan.
These provisions are effective
immediately.
Income limits for IRAs
The Act provides for inflation
indexing of the income limits for determining Roth IRA eligibility
and deductibility of traditional IRA contributions. Prior law
specified phaseout ranges that increased over the years, but were
not subject to inflation indexing. In both cases, inflation
adjustments may be made in $1,000 increments.
These provisions will be effective in
2007.
Portability
In addition to extending the enhanced
portability offered by EGTRRA, the Act includes additional
portability enhancements. First, non-spouse beneficiaries will
have the opportunity to roll over benefits to an IRA. Secondly,
the Act allows retirement plan distributions to be rolled directly
to Roth IRAs. Distributions rolled directly to a Roth IRA will be
taxed at the time of rollover. Both enhancements will be available
starting in 2007.
Tax-free distribution from IRAs for
charity
The Act also temporarily allows
tax-free distributions of up to $100,000 from IRAs (SEPs and
SIMPLE IRAs are excluded) for charitable purposes if the
individual is age 70 � or older. These distributions must be made
by December 31, 2007.
Automatic enrollment in 401K plans
Automatic enrollment of 401K
participants has proven effective in increasing participation;
however, some states have asserted
|
that it violates local payroll withholding laws. Because of this
perception, the Act explicitly protects automatic enrollment plans
from state and local interference.
The Act does require that the plan
sponsor provides a notice explaining the participant�s right to
opt out of the plan or to change the rate of contribution, the
time periods for making elections, and how the contributions will
be invested if no investment instructions are provided to the
plan. Plans that give automatic enrollees proper notice are
treated as complying with Section 404(c) of ERISA, which provides
limited protection against fiduciary liability.
The Act requires that the Department
of Labor issue guidelines for choosing a default investment for
automatic enrollees who have not elected an investment option
within six months after enactment.
The Act provides automatic enrollment
plans with an optional safe harbor for satisfying the
nondiscrimination rules for elective deferrals and matching
contributions. The plan would be deemed to satisfy
nondiscrimination rules if it provides a minimum match of 100% of
elective deferrals up to 1% of compensation, plus 50% of elective
deferrals between 1% and 6% of compensation. The current-law safe
harbor provision continues to be available for all 401K plans,
including those with automatic enrollment. However, the government
has sought to encourage automatic enrollment by making the
automatic enrollment safe harbor less expensive than the current
safe harbor provision.
In order to qualify for the automatic
enrollment safe harbor, the automatic contribution rate must be
set at a minimum of 3% during the first year of participation, 4%
during the second year, 5% during the third year, and 6%
thereafter. The plan may specify a higher percentage, up to 10%.
An automatic enrollee will have 90
days to opt out of the plan and withdraw contributions and the
earnings related to those contributions. The distribution will be
taxed but is not subject to the 10% early withdrawal penalty that
ordinarily applies to distributions prior to age 59 �. This rule
also applies to 403(b) plans and 457(b) plans that have automatic
enrollment.
The automatic enrollment provisions
are effective for plan years beginning after December 31, 2007.
Employer stock
Defined contribution plans that hold
publicly traded employer securities must allow all of their
participants to diversify the investment of their elective
deferrals and after-tax contributions. The plan must also allow
participants to diversify their employer matching and nonelective
contributions after three years of service. The employer is
required to provide 30 days� advance notice of the diversification
right. This provision is effective in 2007; however, for existing
plans, the provision can be phased in over a three-year period.
Investment advice
The Act contains an ERISA prohibited
transaction exemption for investment advice provided by a
"fiduciary adviser" under an "eligible investment advice
arrangement." A "fiduciary adviser" is defined as a registered
investment company, bank, insurance company,
|
|
or registered broker-dealer. An "eligible investment advice
arrangement" must meet one of two criteria: (1) provide that the
fees received by the fiduciary adviser do not vary on the basis of
which investment options are chosen, or (2) recommendations are
based on a computer model meeting certain Department of Labor
criteria and the model is approved by an independent third party.
An annual audit of either approach is required by the Act. The
exemption applies to advice rendered after December 31, 2006.
Combined Defined Benefit/401K for
small employers
The Act allows companies up to 500
employees to establish a combined Defined Benefit and 401K plan
beginning in 2010. The plans would operate under a single plan
document and trust fund, and will be required to file only one
Form 5500 annually. Each component will be subject to its
respective rules and regulations under the tax code and ERISA.
In order to constitute a single plan
and trust, the Defined Benefit and 401K must utilize the
following safe harbor provisions.
� The Defined Benefit component will
have to be either a 1% of final average pay formula for up to 20
years of service, or a cash balance formula that increases with
the participant�s age.
� The 401K component must include an
automatic enrollment feature using 4% as the automatic
contribution rate. The plan must provide for a fully vested match
of 50% on the first 4% deferred.
� All benefits under the Defined
Benefit component and nonelective contributions under the 401K
component must be fully vested after no more than three years of
service.
Combined Defined Benefit and 401K
plans would be deemed not to be top heavy, although they are still
subject to nondiscrimination and coverage testing.
Form 5500
Starting in 2007, owner-only plans
will be exempt from Form 5500-EZ filing if plan assets do not
exceed $250,000 and plans with 25 or fewer participants will have
a simplified Form 5500.
Also starting in 2007, the Act
requires companies that have an intranet web site to display their
Form 5500 on that web site, in accordance with DOL regulations.
Plan amendments
Most plans will be required to amend
by the end of the 2009 plan year.
|
QUALIFIED PLAN PREMATURE DISTRIBUTION: AGE 55 EXCEPTION
Most participants who retire before 59
� are not aware that they may be eligible to take distributions
from their employer�s qualified plan without penalty. Many assume
that they would be required to pay a 10% early withdrawal penalty
on any premature distributions from their employer-sponsored plan
account. But a little known exception to the 10% early withdrawal
penalty is available for those who have separated from service
after reaching age 55.
IRC Section 72(t)(2)(A)(v) specifies
that participants separating from service after age 55 can receive
payments from the plan without penalty. The IRS has interpreted
the age 55 separation requirement to be satisfied if the
participant separates from service during the calendar year in
which the participant reaches age 55. The participant is not
limited to substantially equal payments, but can withdraw funds in
any manner (lump sum, partial distribution, etc.) that the plan
document allows.
Participants may not separate from
service in years prior to turning age 55 and expect to receive
penalty-free distributions upon reaching age 55, unless a
qualified exception applies (i.e., death, disability, etc.). If
the participant separates from service prior to turning age 55,
they would need to satisfy the substantially equal periodic
payment exception to receive penalty-free distributions.
Also, the age 55 exception is not
available to IRAs. The funds must remain in the qualified plan of
the employer with which the participant separated service after
age 55 in order to continue receiving penalty-free distributions.
QUALIFIED PLANS ADOPTION DEADLINE
APPROACHING
Year-end is approaching, and that
means it�s time to set up new plans for 2006. According to Revenue
Ruling 76-28, a qualified plan must be adopted by the employer by
the end of the tax year for which the tax deduction is being
taken. An employer operating a plan on a calendar year basis must
complete the plan adoption agreement no later than December 31.
Although the plan must be adopted by
the end of the tax year, employers can make qualified plan
contributions for a tax year until its tax filing deadline (March
15 for corporations and April 15 for sole proprietors and
partnerships) plus extensions.
|
The information contained in this
newsletter has been carefully compiled from sources believed to be
reliable, but the accuracy of the information is not guaranteed.
This newsletter is distributed with the understanding that the
publisher is not engaging in any legal or accounting type of work
such as practicing law or CPA services.
S TIFEL,
NICOLAUS &
COMPANY,
INCORPORATED
Member SIPC and New York
Stock Exchange, Inc.
National Headquarters: One
Financial Plaza � 501 North Broadway � St. Louis, Missouri 63102
(800)434-401K � www.stifel.com
Investment Services Since 1890 |
|
|
|